Vehicle Design

This paper takes analyses electric car styling design with a focus on low aerodynamic drag. The design starts with an ideal low-drag shape, and then develops the shape into a car styling. With the method of Computational Fluid Dynamics, and after several iterations between design refinement and aerodynamic optimization, the Coefficient of Drag (CD) finally resulted in 0.19, which is quite low for electric cars for saving energy and further the driving range.

Poster prsented at the 13th IEEE International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering (EPEi 2024). 17-19 October 2024, Iaşi, Romania. 

This poster outlines a design methodology for axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines (AFPMs) aimed at electric vehicle applications. A simplified analytical model for electromagnetic design is proposed, also the design choices related to machine topology: stator, and rotor structures. Three rotor configurations: SPM, flux-concentrating IPM, and V-shaped IPM are compared based on peak and continuous performance, magnetic attraction forces, and demagnetization risk. The findings provide insights into optimizing AFPM design for electric drivetrains.

In this paper a new design model of the electric vehicle is presented. This model is based on the combination of Modelica with ModelCenter. Modelica has been used to model and simulate the electric vehicle and ModelCenter has been used to optimize the design variables. The model ensures that the requirements related to driving distance and acceleration are fulfilled.

In this document the work carried out as part of the HEFT project with regards to the deveopment of an ultra-light motor design for segment A+B. The multi-layer rotor topology makes possible to reduce de usage of permanent magnet leading to an important saving in the rare earth elements. Wave winding techcnology allows to develop compact and efficient stator. End winding length is reduced and high frequency losses are reduced in the copper. Involving all these techonologies a high power density motor is developed.
In this document the following issues will be covered:
1. Design Process (Design Methodology and Procedure to motor performances evaluation).
2. Preliminary sizing of the motor.
3. Optimization of the rotor
4. Continuous service evaluation.
5. Final performances evaluation and KPIs computation.

This article addresses a common issue in the design of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) by introducing a comprehensive methodology for the modeling and simulation of BEVs, referred to as the “PerfECT Design Tool”. The primary objective of this study is to provide engineers and researchers with a robust and streamlined approach for the early stages of electric vehicle (EV) design, offering valuable insights into the performance, energy consumption, current flow, and thermal behavior of these advanced automotive systems.

This paper provides an extensive review on the latest works carried out to optimize the power flow in EV powertrains using multispeed discrete transmission, continuously variable transmission and multi-motor configurations. The relevant literatures were shortlisted using a keyword search related to EV powertrain in the ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. The review focused on the related literatures published from 2018 onwards. The publications were reviewed in terms of the methodologies applied to optimize the powertrain for efficiency and driving performance. Next, the significant findings from these literatures were discussed and compared. Finally, based on the review, several future key research areas in EV powertrain efficiency and performance are highlighted.

The Horizon Europe HighScape project will explore the feasibility of a family of highly efficient power electronics (PE) components and systems for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), including integrated traction inverters, onboard chargers (OBCs), DC-DC converters, and electric drives for auxiliaries and chassis actuators. 

In the work leading to this deliverable, the HighScape component providers and developers, focusing on the adoption of Wide Bandgap (WBG) based PE devices, have been generating the detailed simulation models of the respective components and systems (i.e., traction motor and traction inverter, OBCs, DC-DC converters, drives for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC), and high voltage levelling suspension systems, and thermal systems for PE components/the whole vehicle), with a coverage of their parametrisation involving a wide range of BEV applications targeted in the project. The models enable model-based component and system design at the electrical, electronic, thermal and control levels. The components and systems models have been assembled into a vehicle simulation toolchain, for the rapid assessment of the implications of component design at the vehicle level, including considerations of thermal aspects. Due to the associated computational effort, the component models have been converted into surrogate models, such as Functional Mock-up Units (FMU) before their inclusion in the BEV simulation model. The definition, benefits and limitations of such surrogate models are discussed in the document.